Strategic changes in United States (US) foreign policy reflect evolving global dynamics. In a multipolar era, the US faces challenges from emerging powers such as China and Russia, which are pushing for policy adjustments to maintain its dominant position. One of the most significant changes was the “Pivot to Asia,” launched under the Obama administration. This initiative emphasizes stronger ties with Asia-Pacific countries, making the region a center of economic growth and strategic resilience. In addition, the rise of nationalism and protectionism also influences US foreign policy. The “America First” policy implemented by former President Donald Trump changed the course of diplomacy by emphasizing domestic interests. This approach is seen in the withdrawal from several international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement on climate change and the Iran nuclear agreement. Nonetheless, there has been a push back to multilateralism under the Biden administration, strengthening global cooperation to tackle major challenges such as climate change and health security. US foreign policy is also influenced by emerging security crises, including conflicts in the Middle East and tensions on the Korean Peninsula. The US approach to the conflicts in Syria and Afghanistan reflects a change in military strategy, with an emphasis on the use of diplomacy and development tools instead of large-scale military intervention. The new mission aims to promote long-term stability and reduce dependence on military power, although challenges remain. In the context of bilateral relations, the US continues to strengthen alliances with countries such as Japan, South Korea and NATO, considering the importance of collaboration in facing common threats. This policy shows a call for the consolidation of power in maintaining regional security and responding to provocations from countries that are considered threats. In the area of trade, the US is focusing on more favorable agreements, changing its usually multilateral approach to a bilateral one, to encourage domestic products. This strategy not only aims to improve the domestic economy but also to suppress competing countries, such as China, through stricter policies in trade and investment. Improving relations with countries in Africa and Latin America is also in the spotlight. This strategy includes increasing investment and cooperation in the health, education and technology sectors, which have positive implications for regional stability and economic growth. Finally, digitalization and information technology are creating new challenges and opportunities in US foreign policy. Cyber warfare is a top priority, with an emphasis on cyber security and data protection. A new pattern in digital diplomacy is taking shape, leveraging social media and digital platforms to spread influence and build relationships with young people around the world. Changes in US foreign policy, in line with new challenges and opportunities, demonstrate a dynamic and adaptive evolution in response to developments on the global stage.
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